Indlela Yokugcina Izingxenye Zezimoto

1. Mayelana "nokungcola"

Uma izingxenye ezifana nesihlungi sikaphethiloli, isihlungi sikawoyela, isihlungi somoya, isihlungi sikawoyela we-hydraulic, nezikrini zokuhlunga ezahlukahlukene zingcolile kakhulu, umphumela wokuhlunga uzowohloka, futhi ukungcola okuningi kuzongena kusilinda somjikelezo kawoyela, okuzokwenza kube nzima ukuguguleka kwezingxenye kwandisa amathuba okuhluleka;uma ivinjwe kakhulu, izophinde idale ukuthi imoto ingasebenzi kahle.Izingxenye ezingcolile ezifana nezimpiko zokupholisa zethangi lamanzi, ibhulokhi yenjini epholiswe umoya kanye nama-cylinder head cooling fins, nama-cooler cooling fins kuzodala ukushabalaliswa kahle kokushisa kanye nezinga lokushisa elidlulele.Ngakho-ke, izingxenye ezinjalo "ezingcolile" kufanele zihlanzwe futhi zigcinwe ngesikhathi.

2. Mayelana nokufakwa okungalungile

Izingxenye ezihlukahlukene zokuhlanganisa kusistimu kaphethiloli yenjini kadizili, amagiya okushayela nashayelwa kusinciphisi esikhulu se-ekseli yokushayela, ibhulokhi ye-valve yokulawula i-hydraulic kanye nesiqu se-valve, umgogodla we-valve nomkhono we-valve egiyeni eligcwele le-hydraulic steering, njll. Ngemva kokukhethekile zicutshungulwa, zigaywe ngazimbili, futhi ukulingana kunembile kakhulu.Ahlala esetshenziswa ngababili ngesikhathi sokuphila kwenkonzo, futhi akufanele ashintshwe.Ezinye izingxenye ezisebenzisanayo, njenge-piston kanye ne-cylinder liner, isihlahla esinesihlahla kanye nejenali, isihlalo sevalvu nevalvu, isembozo senduku yokuxhuma kanye ne-shaft, njll., ngemva kwesikhathi sokugijima, zihambisana kahle uma kuqhathaniswa.Ngesikhathi sokulungiswa, kufanele futhi kuqashelwe Ukuhlangana ngababili, "ungadonsi" omunye nomunye.

3. Mayelana "nokuntuleka"

Uma unakekela izimoto, ezinye izingxenye ezincane zingagejwa ngenxa yobudedengu, futhi abanye abantu baze bacabange ukuthi akunandaba ukuthi zifakiwe noma cha, okuyingozi kakhulu futhi kuyingozi.Izingidi zamavalvu enjini kufanele zifakwe ngababili.Uma engekho, ama-valve azobe engasalawuleki futhi ama-piston azolimala;izikhonkwane ze-cotter, izikulufu zokukhiya, amapuleti okuphepha, noma izinto ezivimbela ukuxega njengamaphedi asentwasahlobo azikho, ukwehluleka okukhulu kungase kwenzeke ngesikhathi sokusetshenziswa;uma umbhobho kawoyela osetshenziselwa ukugcoba amagiya egunjini legiya lesikhathi ungekho, lokho kuzodala ukuvuza okukhulu kukawoyela, kubangele injini ukuba ingcindezi kawoyela iphansi kakhulu;ikhava yethangi lamanzi, isembozo sembobo kawoyela, kanye nesembozo sethangi likaphethiloli kuyalahleka, okuzobangela ukungena kwesihlabathi, amatshe, uthuli, njll., futhi kubhebhethekise ukuguga nokudabuka kwezingxenye ezihlukahlukene.

4. Mayelana "nokugeza"

Abanye abantu abasanda kufunda ukushayela noma ukufunda ukulungisa bangase bacabange ukuthi zonke izingxenye eziyisipele zidinga ukuhlanzwa.Lokhu kuqonda kuhlangothi olulodwa.Okwesici sephepha se-air filter yenjini, lapho ususa uthuli kuyo, awukwazi ukusebenzisa noma yimaphi amafutha ukuyihlanza, vele uyiphulule kahle ngezandla zakho noma uvuthele into yokuhlunga enomoya wokucindezela okuphezulu osuka ngaphakathi ukuya kuye. ngaphandle;ngezingxenye zesikhumba, akufanelekile Ukuhlanza ngamafutha, mane usule nge-rag ehlanzekile.

5. Mayelana "seduze nomlilo"

Imikhiqizo yenjoloba enjengamathayi, amateyipu angunxantathu, izindandatho zokuvimba amanzi ze-cylinder liner, izigxivizo zamafutha enjoloba, njll., izokonakala kalula noma yonakaliswe uma iseduze nomthombo womlilo, futhi ngakolunye uhlangothi, ingase ibangele izingozi zomlilo.Ikakhulukazi kwezinye izimoto ze-diesel, kunzima ukuqala emakhazeni amakhulu ebusika, futhi abanye abashayeli bavame ukusebenzisa ama-blowtorches ukuze bawashise, ngakho-ke kuyadingeka ukuvimbela imigqa namasekhethi kawoyela ekushiseni.

6. Mayelana "nokushisa"

Izinga lokushisa le-piston yenjini liphezulu kakhulu, okungaholela kalula ekushiseni ngokweqile nasekuncibilikeni, okuholela ekubambeni kwesilinda;izigxivizo zenjoloba, amateyipu angunxantathu, amathayi, njll. zishiselwa ngokweqile, futhi zijwayele ukuguga ngaphambi kwesikhathi, ukonakala kokusebenza, kanye nempilo yesevisi ibe mfushane;izinto zikagesi ezifana neziqalisi, amajeneretha, nezilawuli Uma ikhoyili ishisa kakhulu, kulula ukuvutha futhi ilahlwe;ukuthwala kwemoto kufanele kugcinwe ezingeni lokushisa elifanele.Uma ishisa ngokweqile, amafutha okugcoba azowohloka ngokushesha, okuzogcina kubangele ukushisa kwe-bearing futhi imoto ilimale.

7. Mayelana ne-"anti"

I-gasket yekhanda le-cylinder yenjini ayikwazi ukufakwa ngokuhlehlayo, ngaphandle kwalokho, izodala ukuphuma ngaphambi kwesikhathi kanye nokulimala ku-gasket yekhanda lesilinda;ezinye izindandatho zepiston ezimise okukhethekile azikwazi ukufakwa ngokuphambene, futhi kufanele zihlanganiswe ngokuvumelana nezidingo zamamodeli ahlukene;ama-fan fan blade nawo anezikhombisi-ndlela lapho efakiwe Izidingo, abalandeli ngokuvamile bahlukaniswa ngezinhlobo ezimbili: i-exhaust kanye ne-suction, futhi akufanele ihlehliswe, ngaphandle kwalokho izobangela ukuchithwa okungalungile kokushisa kwenjini kanye nokushisa okweqile;amathayi anamaphethini aqondisayo, njengamathayi ephethini ye-herringbone, amamaki aphansi ngemva kokufakwa kufanele enze abantu Uzwane lukhomba ngemuva ukuze uthole ukushayela okuphezulu.Amamodeli ahlukene anezidingo ezihlukene zamasondo amabili afakwe ndawonye, ​​ngakho awakwazi ukufakwa ngokuthanda kwawo.

8. Mayelana "namafutha"

Isici sesihlungi sephepha sesihlungi somoya owomile senjini sine-hygroscopicity eqinile.Uma ingcoliswe uwoyela, igesi exubile ene-concentration ephezulu izomuncwa kalula kusilinda, okuholela ekungeneni kwevolumu yomoya, ukwanda kokusetshenziswa kukaphethiloli, nokuncipha kwamandla enjini.Injini kadizili ingase ilimale.Imbangela "ijubane";uma i-tape engunxantathu igcotshwe ngamafutha, izosheshisa ukugqwala nokuguga kwayo, futhi ngesikhathi esifanayo izoshelela kalula, okuholela ekunciphiseni kokusebenza kahle kokudlulisela;izicathulo zamabhuleki, amapuleti ama-friction ama-clutches omile, ama-brake bands, njll., uma inamafutha Uma i-starter motor kanye ne-generator carbon brush ingcoliswe ngamafutha, izobangela amandla anganele e-starter motor kanye ne-voltage ephansi ye-generator ngenxa yokuxhumana okungalungile.Irabha yamasondo izwela kakhulu ekugqwaleni kwamafutha.Ukuthinta uwoyela kuzothambisa noma kuxebule irabha, futhi ukuthintana isikhathi esifushane kuzodala umonakalo ongavamile noma ngisho nokulimala okukhulu kwesondo.

9. Mayelana "nengcindezi"

Uma i-casing yesondo igcinwa enqwabeni isikhathi eside futhi ingaphendulwanga ngesikhathi, izokhubazeka ngenxa ye-extrusion, okuzothinta impilo yesevisi;uma isici sesihlungi sephepha sesihlungi somoya kanye nesihlungi sikaphethiloli sikhanywa, sizoba ne-deformation enkulu Asikwazi ukudlala indima yokuhlunga ngokuthembekile;izimpawu zamafutha enjoloba, amateyipu angamanxantathu, amapayipi kawoyela, njll. azikwazi ukucindezelwa, ngaphandle kwalokho, azophinde akhubazeke futhi athinte ukusetshenziswa okuvamile.

10. Mayelana "nokuphindaphinda"

Ezinye izingxenye kufanele zisetshenziswe kanye, kodwa abashayeli ngabanye noma abalungisayo baphinde bazisebenzisele ukonga noma ngenxa yokuthi abaqondi "i-taboo", engaholela kalula ezingozini.Ngokuvamile, amabhawodi enjini ahlanganisa izinduku, amantongomane, amabhawodi angashintshiwe ezinjini zikadizili eziphuma kwamanye amazwe, izindandatho zokuvimba amanzi ze-cylinder liner, amaphedi ethusi avala uphawu, ama-seal ahlukahlukene kawoyela nezindandatho zokuvala zesistimu ye-hydraulic, futhi izikhonkwane nezikhonkwane zekhothari zezingxenye ezibalulekile ziyahlakazwa.Ekugcineni, umkhiqizo omusha kufanele ushintshwe;ku-gasket ye-cylinder ye-injini, nakuba kungekho monakalo otholakala ngesikhathi sokunakekelwa, kungcono ukuwushintsha ngomkhiqizo omusha, ngoba umkhiqizo omdala unokunwebeka okumpofu, ukuvala uphawu okungalungile, futhi kulula ukuchithwa nokulimala.Kudingeka kushintshwe ngemva kwesikhathi esifushane sokusetshenziswa, okudla isikhathi futhi kukhandla.Uma kunomkhiqizo omusha, kungcono ukuwushintsha ngangokunokwenzeka.